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Safe our Water Bird


The water bird can be an indicator of environmental balance, especially in territorial water and wet land. The most interconnected is the existence of mangrove. As in Surabaya, provincial capital of East Java - Indonesia. Based to Duty On Agriculture, Oceanic, Ranch of Fishery and Forestry (DPKPPK) City Government of Surabaya, there are about 1180 hectares of mangrove forest in Surabaya and its surroundings. Its condition still nice and promise enough, even since 2004-2007 happened the wild illegal loging resulting 40% or about 443 hectares of mangrove forest over there destroyed. Head of Duty On Agriculture, Oceanic, Ranch of Fishery and Forestry (DPKPPK) at 2008, Syamsul Arifin tell that the coastal length of Surabaya is reach 47 kilometres. Unhappily up to now the coast which can be cultivated mangrove only in Wonorejo, Keputih, Kenjeran and Kalianak region. For a while in the Tanjung Perak have fulled of building. Forest mangrove condition which on the wane, have knowable through amount of water bird which stop by and remain to in it.

Wonorejo where have areal wide about 100 hectares is possible one of sojourn location for water bird, from so much locations which becoming their migration band before doing journey to North and also South. This area have stopped by more than 10000 water birds in each year. Oftentimes in the observation, this migration birds can be detected from colour flag that fastened in its foot. The colour from the flag shown in where the state of that bird have stopped by.

Based to the last note, in this time the bird in Wonorejo are about 147 types, 38 types are bird migran from Thailand to go to the Australian, while the rest are remain. Sum up the the species is represent the most species in the coast of Java. Based to note by Ecoton, Institute of the Wet Land Conservation, the species have detected are here under:

At August – September, 1997 are: Trinil Kaki Merah - Tringa totanus (35), Trinil Rawa - Tringa stagnatilis (5), Trinil Hijau - Tringa ochropus (8), Trinil Semak - Tringa glareola (31), Trinil Pantai - Tringa hypoleucos (6), Trinil Lumpur Asia - Limnodromus semipelmatus (10), Cerek Kalung Patah - Charadius alexandrinus (8), Cerek Pasir Mongolia - Charadius mongolus (3), Cerek Pasir Besar - Charadius leschenaulti (23), Cerek Asia - Charadius veredus (6), Cerek Kalung Hitam - Charadius dubius (10), Kedidi - Charadius peronii (8), Kedidi Leher Merah - Calidris rucifolis (7), Gajahan - Numenius phaepus (32), Trulek kli-u-i - Pluvialis squatarola (5), Terik Kaki Panjang - Stiltia isabella (1).

March, 2000 are: Cerek - Charadrius sp. (1), Cerek Kernyut - Pluvialis fulva (15+), Kedidi Jari Panjang - Calidris subminuta (1), Kedidi - Calidris sp. (10+), Berkik - Gallinago sp. (1), Trinil Semak - Tringa glareola (2), Trinil Kaki Merah - Tringa totanus (20+), Trinil Kaki-Hijau - Tringa nebularia (7), Trinil Rawa - Tringa stagnatilis (6), Trinil Pantai - Tringa hypoleucos (10), Gajahan Pengala - Numenius phaepus (2).

While at November – December, 2001 are: Trinil Kaki Merah - Tringa totanus (18), Trinil Rawa - Tringa stagnatilis (17), Trinil Hijau - Tringa Ochropus (6), Trinil Kaki Hijau - Tringa nebularia (16), Trinil Pantai - Tringa hypoleucos (15), Trinil Lumpur Asia - Limnodromus semipelmatus (12), Cerek Pasir Mongolia - Charadius mongolus (6), Cerek Pasir Besar - Charadius leschenaulti (10), Gajahan Besar - Numenius arquata (14).

Based to monitoring result of Pecuk, a group of biological majors bird study in ITS at April, 2007, there are 9 types of water bird identified, for example: Gajahan Pengala - Numenius phaeopus, Cerek Kernyut - Pluvalis pulva, Cerek Jawa - Charadrius javanicus, Biru-laut ekor-hitam - Limosa limosa, Trinil kaki-hijau - Tringa nebularia, Trinil Semak - Tringa glareola, Kedidi Merah - Calidris canutus, Trinil Lumpur Asia - Limnodramus semipalmatus, Kedidi Besar - Calidris tenuirostris. Gajahan Penggala is the most species which identified.

From the data comparison knowable that the type and amount of the bird which identified is decreasing from 1997 - 2007. Why this happened? One of its cause factor is very possibled cause the wide of their residence have decreased. Their foraging place have been destroyed by activity of human being which less pay attention to the environmental balance. Therefore, up to now the efforts of cure the mangrove forest condition are have started to executed. But, it still very need to be non-stoped the monitoring of bird growth in this area which it will very influenced by environmental change. If the mangrove is really have good,so automatically the water birds even also will more and more seen over there.

This bird monitoring activity is usually referred as bird watching. When we do bird watching, better dress the tone chromatic experiencedly, easy to permeate the sweat, long arm, and have pokes. Bring the hat or umbrella, binoculars or monocular, guide-book, watch or time indicator, book-note of field and stationery. Don't be crowded, because bird is very sensitive to voice and will be affraid. Note each bird type found by drawing in book-note for documentation and look for its name in guide-book. For whose like photography, can also document it with photo.

The water bird is type which group. In consequence, the process to identify them often find difficulties. For the types like this we have to see it from enough near distance, so that we can draw it clearly in our field book-note. It better to cover the elementary form, colour of wing fur, colour the lead, bill form, colour of stomach and size measure its body. To determine the size measure better use the birds which you have know as its reference, for example bigger than church bird, but rather minimize from starling. If its distance of watching is enough far, we can identify for seen the size measure its body ahead, see its comparison with the feet. Then see the size measure and its bill form, for example the tortous length downwards is inclusive of gajahan type, thick and short is inclusive of cerek type, diametrical long and attenuate is inclusive of trinil, long rather thick is inclusive of ekor blorok type. Hereinafter, we can see the existing brightness and contrass pattern in its body. Then size measure and feet colour which usually strike, for example red for the gagang bayam. And the last is colour as a whole. Colour represents the last identify component because the water bird type have almost same colour. Oftentimes are brown, black, and turn white. While difference of brightness and contrass pattern is more uppermost compared to its colour. For bird watcher which have experienced, earn also identify the bird through its voice and also its typical behaviour, for example way of flown, pecking tree, etc

To know the bird amount perceived, hence require to be done a calculation. Counting bird which group like water bird, will be difficult relative, especially for beginner observer. the easy way is by counting communally of each bird type. For example 1-10 tails. Approximating the big of its group. Then count the bird entirety by assuming 10 tails are equal to a tail. At the last, the result of calculation multiplied with 10. Though only based to estimate, but its result will come near of the calculation in each individual

Save our water bird by upgrading mangrove quality and quantity!

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